Sunflowers

Sunflowers

Sunflowers account for nearly 1.4 million acres in the United States with North Dakota being the leading production state with 659,000 acres planted. After harvesting, sunflowers are used for edible seeds, sunflower oil, and ornamental use.

Sunflowers are suited for optimal growth in well-drained soils with a pH between 6.5 to 7.5. Sunflowers require the proper nutrition of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, and additional micronutrients to help them achieve their highest yield potential.

Nitrogen is mobile in the plant. Plants will be smaller in size and have a paler green color and leaf area is smaller.

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Phosphorus is mobile in the plant. Deficiencies will show when plants are stunted, and the stems are thinner. Flowering can also be delayed and oil content in the seeds can be reduced.

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Yellowing on the leaves will appear on the lower leaves first. When deficient, oil content is greatly reduced.

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Sulfur is primarily responsible for the production of chlorophyll in the plant. Yellowing on the leaves will appear on the lower leaves and plants will mature more slowly.

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Flower heads will have uneven seed set and in some severe cases, no seeds at all. Young leaves will also appear deformed and small.

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Deficiencies can be seen when plants are stunted, and upper leaves are distorted with eventual wilting.

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Nutrient Deficiencies